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The various stages of producing an original carved Crest and Coat of Arms

A small sample of the wood and bronze Family Crests and Coat of Arms carved by Heraldic Sculptor Ian G Brennan; commissioned for private clients, Corporations and the British Royal Household

For over thirty years Heraldic Sculptor Ian G Brennan has been commissioned to create not only carved and painted Coats of Arms and Crests for private and Corporate clients but also has produce a wide variety of over eighty carved Crowns, Crests and Coat of Arms for Royalty and the Nobility from all over the World Ian most recent commissions for the Royal Household have included the two Royal Crests for HM The Queen's two sons, HRH Prince Andrew and HRH Prince Edward; The Duke of York and the Earl of Wessex.

These two Crests shown below were for the most recent Royal Knights to be awarded the highest and oldest Order of Chivalry  the Most Noble Order of the Garter. These two almost identical Crests recognises their seniority within the Royal family joining their mother, The Sovereign HM Queen Elizabeth II, father Prince Philip, The Duke of Edinburgh, brother Prince Charles, The Prince of Wales and sister Princess Anne, The Princess Royal.

Carved and painted lime wood carved Coat of Arms along with the bronze version  

25 inches high ( 64 cm) 

Along with the bas-relief carved wood and versions of the Coat of Arms some clients have also commissioned a three dimensional version of their own Crest

A brief description of the various stages in creating a selection of Heraldic sculptures in bronze, wood and marble/resin :-

Coats of Arms and Crests are unique to the particular family, company or organisations that they were originally designed for and as such, if  these Arms are required to be carved in a two or three dimensional form by Ian G Brennan they are produced from either a black and white or coloured design supplied by the client and made in a variety of materials including carved wood, a resin/marble mixture and the traditional 'loss wax' hot metal bronze.

Each carved Coat of Arms or Crest that Ian produces are individually made to order and are therefore totally unique and are treated as such. They are all signed and dated and every care is taken to ensure the client is completely happy with the finished commission, whether it be for a private individual, corporation or one of Ian's latest commissions for the Royal Household. 

Carved lime wood Arms shown with and without Supporters 

( 36 inches high x  30 inches wide )                   ( 30 inches high x 26 inches wide )           ( 10 inches high x 6 inches wide )        ( 26 inches x 14 inches wide )

Carved lime wood Arms without Supporters - The larger version of the Arms were carved in wood the smaller version was cast in bronze 

 

Please click to enlarge

Commissioned Crests and Coronets for the latest Ladies and Knights of the Garter and Knights of the Bath in Ian G Brennan's Studio awaiting delivery to Westminster Abbey and Windsor Castle

 

 

Knights Arms carved from oak : St Paul's Cathedral London

 

 

click to enlarge

 

Sculptor Ian G Brennan along with a variety of commissioned wood and bronze heraldic sculptures 

 

Griffin Crest - 27 inches high

Creating a Griffin Crest for a Knight of the 'Most Noble Order of the Garter' now placed in St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle

A short movie showing how Ian carved this Griffin Crest for a Knight of the Garter; shown in various stages from the seasoned lime wood log; to the completed carved and painted crest being placed in position upon the Knights helm in St George's Chapel Windsor Castle. please click here  

 

The Queen Victoria Crest and modern Cunard Logo in Ian' studio commissioned for the Grand Lobby of the Cunard Liner the Queen Victoria

40 inches x 58 inches high                                    40 inches wide  x  35 inches high.

For further details and stage photographs showing how both Cunard bas relief sculptures were produced; please click appropriate photographs. 

 

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The origins of Crests and Coat of Arms;

In the Middle Ages during the age of chivalry, the coat of arms were both practical and also served a function as a form of identification during pageants and in tournaments. In the confusion of battle the knight clad in Armour from head to toe, with his great war helms (helmet) covering his face, it was difficult to distinguish between friend and foe alike. However identification of each individual knight began to improve, especially from a distance when the Knights insignia began to be painted on his shield and their carved crests were placed upon their helms. These symbols were also worked onto the light coloured coats worn over the Knights armour which protected the wearer from the elements; hence the term coat of arms.

Outlined on this page are various examples of how a typical commissioned Coat of Arms and Crest is produced;  From the original clients drawing, through the various stages of carving, to the completed painted or natural wood finish applied to the completed Coat of Arms or Crest.

Various Knights of the Garter, Crests and Coronets in the Artist's studio awaiting delivery to Windsor Castle. They are the Crests for Lord Butler of Brockwell (Badger), The Duke of Westminster (Talbot) Lord Morris of Aberavon (Black Bull) and the  Coronet for HM The Queen's first cousin HRH Princess Alexandra

 

 

 

 

The completed coronet and crests now in position above the Knights helms in St George's Chapel Windsor Castle.

 

 

 

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HM The Queens daughter Princess Anne  The Princess Royal and Ian G Brennan discussing his latest commission, Ian working on The Princess carved Coronet  

 

 

 

 

HRH The Princess Royal and HRH The Duke of Gloucester's Coronet and Crest carved by Ian G Brennan from lime wood in position in St George's Chapel Windsor Castle, placed alongside HRH The Duke of Edinburgh and HM Queen Elizabeth II carved Crests.

 

Ian's carved and gilded Royal Crest for HRH Prince Andrew The Duke of York in position in St Georges Chapel in Windsor Castle

 

 

 

The Royal Crests for  HRH Prince Charles, The Prince of Wales, HRH Prince Andrew The Duke of York, HRH Princess Alexandra  and HRH The Duke of Kent

 

 

 

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A copy of the original coloured design obtained by the client which Ian works from.

 

 

 

A selection of seasoning lime wood timber

 

 

please click to enlarge

 

Once the most suitable pieces of timber had been selected from the stack of  lime wood, once the size of the Crest has been determined by the client the original crest section of the drawing is scaled up accordingly and a simple outline paper version produced. This paper outline can then be easily moved around the block of wood to find the most suitable part of the timber from which to produce the beaver carving itself.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

When a Crest or Coat of Arms is to be painted rather than stained and polished, the fine detail is usually carved bolder and deeper in the wood, which helps to prevent the fine detail of the carving being obscured by the various layers of paint that will be required to finish the Crest. Once the carving has been completed to the clients satisfaction the whole Crest has then to be sanded smooth to remove any remaining chisel marks using various grades of sand paper and prepared for painting.

 

 

 

 

The crest sanded smooth awaiting the first coats of paint - primer and one of the first coats now added

 

Once the white wood primer paint has been added and then allowed to dry, the carving is again finely sanded down before the first coat of the finish paint can be applied. In this particular crest an 'enamel' paint finish was applied with the first coat of this enamel being rubbed down smooth. The second coat of enamel paint was then be applied and the paint is then allowed to fully harden for a few days, before the whole crest is ready to be lightly polished with 0000 wire wool dipped in wax polish. 

 

 

 

Completed Beaver Crest awaiting packing and delivery.

 

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Briefly shown below are the various stages of the carving Ian was commissioned to produce for the Duke of Devonshire. KG ' Snake upon a Wreath Crest', this crest follows the ancient design of the Crest for the Duke of Devonshire family.  This particular Crest again carved from lime wood before it was painted was then  placed above the Duke of Devonshire stall ( seat ) which is alongside the High Altar in  St George's Chapel Windsor Castle.

 

 

 

 

The completed carved and painted crest now shown in position in  St George's Chapel Windsor Castle

Lime Wood - 16 inches high

 

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A selection of carved and painted Crests and Coronets

 

 

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The various stages of a carved and polished Coat of Arms - ( with supporters )

( 37 inches high )

 

 

 

 

Carefully selected Lime wood timber were set aside form the large timber supply that has been seasoning for several years, on this occasion Lime Wood was chosen to reproduce the Arms, the bulk of this timber for the shield, crest and motto. On this occasion the wood was required to be around four inches thick, also shown below are the larger seasoned lime wood blocks set aside for the Goat Supporters sculptures.

 

Lime Wood is a much favoured wood for carving, as once seasoned, is a very stable when placed indoors, the timber also enables you to carve in very fine detail. All the various commissioned Crowns, Crests and Coronets that have been carved by Ian G Brennan for over fifteen years for the Knights of the Most Noble Order of the Garter and Most Honourable Order of the Bath have all been carved from lime wood

 

 

 

The outline of the  goat supporters carvings are  drawn onto the larger blocks of lime wood and part of the wood has now started to be removed.

 

 

 

The outline of the Goat Supporters

 

 

 

 

The various parts of the coat of arms carvings are assembled in their correct positions with most of the roughing out stage of the carving completed.

 

 

 

 

 

With all the detail carving on the coat of arms now completed , many hours of careful sanding down prior to staining the wood is now required before the finally stage of applying the, clear wood sealant and the final wax polishing.

 

 

 

The completed Coat of Arms

( 30 inches high x 26 inches wide )

please click to enlarge

 

 

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A selection of smaller carved and painted coats of arms both with and without supporters

 

 

 

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The various stages of carving a Coat of Arms - ( without supporters )

 ( Teak - 15 inches high )

 

 

 

 

Suitable pieces of seasoned teak boards are glued together and the design of the coat of arms lightly sketched upon the face of the timber. With the help of a bandsaw the basic outline of the Arms can be produced

 

 

 

The high points of the carving is left untouched with the remainder being carving away to the desired depth. After all the fine detail of the carving has been completed, the coat of arms is sanded smooth and several coats of a wood preservative and then wood sealant is applied. Once dry the coat of arms are again being carefully sanding down and the final wax polish applied.

 

 

 

Completed Arms -  ( 15 inches high )

It has taken just over two weeks full time work to complete the carving on this particular coat of arms.

 

 

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A Bronze Heraldic Shield

The various stages of producing a heraldic shield cast in bronze

 (16 inches high )

The original shield carved from wood

The design of the shield was firstly carved from wood and then the surface of the carved shield was sealed with shellac to prevent the rubber mould sticking to the wood. A silicone rubber mould was then produced using this original wood carving as the master copy and within this rubber mould melted wax is painted or swilled against the inner surface of the flexible rubber mould to the desired thickness required for the finished metal casting.

When the wax has cooled the hollow wax replica of the original sculpture is carefully removed from the rubber mould and the 'runner system' or 'tree', which will eventually channel the molten bronze into the sculpture is applied to the wax version of the sculpture.

 

Various 'wax trees' being dried in the foundry

 

The completed wax shield is then attached to a wax ' tree' used for the casting process and all the necessary runners and risers required are attached, the whole thing is then coated with a Ceramic shell which is then pre heated in an oven to around 1300° centigrade. Once the bronze is melted in a high-frequency induction furnace it is poured into the hot shell, enabling the bronze to flow into all the detailed sections. After solidifying and cooling the ceramic shell is broken away from the bronze cast and the castings are cut away from the tree.

 

The remaining larger pieces of the ceramic shell has then to be cleaned away from the sculpture by tapping the bronze tree section of the sculpture with a hammer, the remaining smaller pieces of ceramic can then be removed by sand blasting. Hours of careful fettling is then required to clean up and finish the bronze heraldic shield.

The version of the shield having now been cast in bronze and finely chased, all that now is required is for the surface of the bronze to be sealed with a bronze primer prior to the first coat of paint being applied. On this occasion the shield was required to be painted in its correct heraldic colours, however if a natural bronze patina is required this can be obtained by using a variety of different coloured patinas which is sealed in with wax polish.